Solid waste and hazardous waste incineration constitutes the core technology for waste reduction, harmless disposal and resource recovery, serving as an essential pillar in the construction of zero‑waste cities. Flue gas purification is the critical control link in incineration treatment. Waste incineration exhaust contains dust, acidic gases such as HCl, SO₂ and HF, dioxins, heavy metals and other toxic pollutants that must be thoroughly treated before emission compliance. High‑voltage power supplies act as key power components for electrostatic precipitators, wet electrostatic precipitators, low‑temperature plasma dioxin degradation systems and high‑voltage electrostatic mist eliminators. Through high‑voltage ionization, they enable dust collection, dioxin decomposition and acid mist removal. Their long‑term reliability, condensation resistance, corrosion protection, spark control capability and working condition adaptability directly determine purification efficiency, emission compliance and legal operation of incineration facilities. Flue gas purification in solid and hazardous waste incineration imposes eight rigorous differentiated technical challenges: 1.Extreme resistance against condensation, corrosion and sticky dust. Complex flue gas contains large amounts of water vapor, corrosive acid gases, heavy metals and adhesive particulate matter. Temperature fluctuation easily causes condensation inside electric fields, degrading insulation and triggering arcing. Sticky dust adheres to insulators and electrodes, leading to insulation failure, corrosion and short circuits. Power supplies must maintain stable insulation and performance under high humidity, acid corrosion and heavy contamination. 2.High reliability and long service life for continuous full‑year operation. Incineration lines require over 8,000 operating hours annually with zero unauthorized shutdowns. Power failure causes excessive emissions, heavy environmental penalties and production suspension. Harsh high‑temperature, humid, corrosive and dusty environments accelerate component aging. Requirements include MTBF ≥8×10⁴ hours and design life ≥12 years with strong anti‑aging and anti‑corrosion performance. 3.Intelligent nanosecond spark and flashover control under fluctuating working conditions. Waste composition variation causes rapid fluctuation in flue gas humidity, temperature, dust concentration and conductivity, inducing frequent spark discharge, flashover and arcing. Traditional power supplies suffer severe voltage drop and efficiency loss during sparks. Advanced systems achieve spark detection within 1 μs with adaptive arc extinction algorithms, maintaining average output voltage and stable purification efficiency even under frequent arcing. Automatic parameter tuning optimizes performance according to real‑time flue gas characteristics. 4.High power factor and low harmonic emissions. Industrial park grid regulations enforce strict harmonic control. Power factor ≥0.98 and THD ≤5% prevent secondary grid pollution, reduce reactive power loss and lower operational energy costs. 5.Wide temperature adaptability for harsh on‑site environments. Operating temperatures range −20 ℃ to +60 ℃ with heavy dust, humidity, acid corrosion and persistent mechanical vibration. Equipment achieves IP54 protection with comprehensive three‑proof performance for long‑term stability in extreme industrial conditions. 6.High safety and fault tolerance with redundant design. Flue gas treatment systems are critical environmental infrastructure requiring uninterrupted operation. N+1 modular redundancy enables automatic isolation of faulty units while remaining modules operate under derated conditions. Non‑bypassable protection covers overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overtemperature, arcing and insulation degradation with response time below 1 μs to prevent fault escalation. 7.Intelligent control and environmental compliance. Emission data must be traceable, tamper‑proof and uploaded in real time. Integrated Modbus, Profibus and OPC UA interfaces enable seamless connection with incineration DCS and online monitoring platforms. Remote parameter adjustment, real‑time diagnostics and fault early warning support automatic optimization balancing emission compliance and energy consumption, with over one year of immutable operational data storage for regulatory traceability. 8.Energy saving and high efficiency under dual‑carbon policies. Strict energy management requires peak conversion efficiency ≥94% and average full‑load efficiency ≥90% across 20%–100% load ranges. Automatic intermittent and standby energy‑saving modes reduce power consumption during startup, shutdown and low‑load operation, minimizing overall operational costs. This methodology establishes a complete technical framework covering high‑efficiency reliable topology, anti‑condensation anti‑corrosion insulation optimization, intelligent spark control and long‑term reliability engineering. It standardizes high‑voltage power design for electrostatic precipitators, wet electric precipitators and low‑temperature plasma purification equipment, supporting domestic core component breakthroughs in solid waste incineration environmental protection hardware. Addressing core demands for condensation resistance, corrosion protection, intelligent spark suppression and harsh environment durability, the universal architecture adopts three‑phase active PFC + series resonant soft‑switch inverter + fully digital flashover control, enhanced with anti‑condensation insulation and full three‑proof environmental hardening. It overcomes traditional weaknesses including poor condensation tolerance, weak condition adaptability, frequent faults and short lifespan through eight core principles: 1.High‑efficiency three‑phase APF plus resonant soft‑switch topology achieving ≥94% efficiency and stable full‑range soft switching. 2.Specialized insulation structure with heating and dehumidification maintaining reliable performance under condensation and corrosive flue gas conditions. 3.High‑speed nanosecond spark detection and adaptive arc suppression ensuring stable purification efficiency during frequent flashover. 4.Extreme component derating, redundant architecture and three‑proof protection delivering ≥12 years reliable service life. 5.Full environmental hardening against high temperature, humidity, acid corrosion and heavy dust at incineration sites. 6.Optimized low‑harmonic design achieving power factor ≥0.98 and THD ≤5% for grid compliance. 7.Industrial communication integration enabling intelligent linkage with DCS and emission monitoring systems for full regulatory compliance. 8.N+1 modular redundancy supporting maintenance‑free continuous operation plus multi‑mode energy saving to minimize long‑term power consumption.